Diagnostic Tests
Know about the Medical Terms
What is Amelogenesis imperfects (AI) ?
It is a congenital disorder of tooth development caused by the mutations in the AMELX,
What is Erythema multiforme ?
Erythema multiforme is a hypersensitivity disorder in response to infections and medications. It is usually
What is Septicemia?
It is a serious bloodstream infection and is also known as blood poisoning. Septicemia is
What is Polycoria?
It is a pathological condition of the eye characterized by more than one pupillary opening
What is Sacroiliitis?
Sacroiliitis is the inflammation of the sacroiliac joint and is the main component of ankylosing
What is Pigmented villonodular synovitis (PVNS) ?
PVNS is an idiopathic neoplastic synovial diseases that is characterized by the overgrowth of synovium
What is Alport syndrome ?
Alport syndrome is an inherited, genetic condition that occurs due to the mutations of the
What is Dementia and Alzheimer’s disease ?
Dementia is a group of symptoms that affect the mental cognitive abilities of the individual.
What is Rare hormonal disorders that affect only children ?
Achondroplasia – short stature due to endocrine imbalance, skeletal dysplasia, down syndrome and familiar genetic
What is Reboxetine?
Tricyclic antidepressants, monoamine oxidase inhibitors, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors are
What is Tick borne virus (TBV) ?
Viruses that are transmitted to humans and animals via ticks are called tick borne virus
What is Mooren’s ulcer?
Mooren’s ulcer is a type of keratitis that causes damage to and degeneration of the
What is Utricaria?
Hives or utricaria are a red, raised, itchy skin rash that appear either due to
What is White bear syndrome or Ironic process theory?
This syndrome refers to a thought process in which attempts to suppress certain thoughts increases
What is Hormones secreted from the gastrointestinal tract (GIT)
The gastrointestinal hormones or gut hormones include a group of hormones secreted by the enteroendocrine
What is Erythema?
Erythema or skin redness is due to hyperemia in superficial capillaries that is associated with
What is Tabes dorsalis?
The slow degeneration of nerve cells and nerve fibers that carry sensory information to the
What is Patellofemoral syndrome?
It is also known as runner’s knee or jumper’s knee and refers to the pain
What is Cancer Normal genes?
Normal genes (proto-oncogenes) are programmed to initiate apoptosis when the cells begin to malfunction. This
What is Cardiofaciocutaneous syndrome (CFC syndrome)?
It is a rare genetic disorder that usually affects many parts of the body especially
What are the symptoms and treatment for chlorine poisoning?
Chlorine is a chemical used in a variety of everyday products like disinfectant in swimming
What happens in Epidermolysis Bullosa (EB)?
Epidermolysis Bullosa (EB) is a genetic disorder in which an individual’s skin is extremely prone
What happens around an Alzheimer’s plaque?
Alzheimer’s disease disrupts the communication between the neurons in the brain which results in a
Is Uner Tan syndrome a genetic disorder?
Uner Tan syndrome is a condition in which the individual has quadrupedal locomotion, which basically
What causes acid reflux without eating?
Acid reflux presents itself as a burning sensation in the chest and throat region and
What is Kawasaki syndrome?
Kawasaki Disease mainly affects children below the age of 5. It is a condition in
What are the symptoms of cerebellar ataxia?
Ataxia is a neurological symptom indicating a lack of voluntary muscle coordination thereby affecting the
Can PCOD be cured naturally, without going to a doctor?
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder in females in the Western
What are the neurological manifestations and complications of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)?
The COVID-19 disease caused by the Nsars-CoV-2 virus primarily affects the lungs causing atypical pneumonia.
What is skin condition Beckers Nevus?
A nevus is a benign proliferation of epidermal cells and melanocytes. Becker’s nevus is a
What are the symptoms and causes of jaundice in a newborn baby?
How can it be cured naturally? Neonatal jaundice may be physiological or pathological. Physiological jaundice
What are the risk factors of hormonal imbalance?
Hormones, also known as chemical messengers, are released in blood by the endocrine organs and
What causes myxoedema?
Myxedema (edema-swelling), refers to the appearance of a patient suffering from advanced hypothyroidism. The thyroid
What causes melanosis?
Melanosis, also referred to as melanosis coli refers to the brownish-black pigmentation of the wall
What disease is caused by Coccidioides immitis?
Coccidioides immitis is a fungus which causes coccidiomycosis also known as Valley Fever. It is
What is Electroencephalogram?
In these tests the small metal electrodes are get attached to the scalp to identify
What is Echocardiogram?
Echocardiogram is test used to study the function of heart by using ultrasound. It is
What is Sutures?
Suturing technique is ancient technique for the closing cutaneous wound. The materials of sutures are
What is Skin biopsy?
In skin biopsy procedure physician cut the small sample of skin for the examination. Skin
What is Endoscopy?
Endoscopy is non surgical procedure used to diagnose the digestive track with the help of
What is Percutaneous Transhepatic chaolangiography?
Percutaneous Transhepatic chaolangiography is also known as PTC. It is radiographic technique use to evaluate
What is Radiation therapy?
Radiation therapy is used to cure thyroid cancer and blood disorders. Uses: – Radiation therapy
What is Corneal Transplant?
Corneal transplant is carried out by surgical procedure. In this procedure part of cornea is
What is Snellen test?
Snellen test is used to evaluate the problems related with visual activity. Snellen test is
What is Arthroscopic surgery?
Arthroscopic surgery is performed examine and sometimes treat damage caused to a joint using an
What is Angioplasty?
Angioplasty, also popularly known as balloon angioplasty, is a minimally invasive surgical procedure performed to
What is Pap test?
Pap smear test is test conducted for the screening of presence of cancerous cells in
What is Endometrial biopsy?
Endometrial biopsy is the process use to identify the problems in the uterus. Uterus is
What is Electrocardiogram?
An electrocardiogram (ECG) is the recording of the electrical activity of the heart. It is
What is Digital Rectal Exam?
A digital rectal exam is performed to check the lower rectum and nearby internal organs
What is Pacemaker?
A pacemaker is small device that is implanted in your chest or abdomen to correct
What is Vaginitis Tests?
Vaginitis, or vulvovaginitis, is a medical condition which involves the inflammation or infection in the
What is Thoracentesis
Thoracentesis, also known as a pleural tap, is performed to analyse the fluid filled in
What is Pelvic Ultrasound?
Pelvic ultrasound is a non-invasive diagnostic imaging procedure performed to assess the structures in a
What is Cystoscopy
Cystoscopy allows the doctor to examine your bladder walls and urethra. The test is performed
What is Cystourethrogram?
Cystourethrogram is an imaging technique which involves taking X-ray images of your bladder and urethra
What is CT Scan or Computed Tomography?
Computed Tomography or CT Scan A computed-tomography or a CT scan is the superimposition of
What is Angioplasty?
Angioplasty, also popularly known as balloon angioplasty, is a minimally invasive surgical procedure performed to
What is Tonometry?
Definition: The normal eye pressure or intraocular pressure is 12-22mmHg. Patients with values higher than
What is Thyroidectomy?
Definition: The removal of all or parts of the thyroid gland owing to the presence
What is Ultrasound?
Definition: This is a non-invasive imaging technique that utilizes high-frequency sound waves to produce images
What is Thyroid scan and uptake or Thyroid nuclear medicine tests?
Definition: This is an imaging procedure that uses radioactive materials called radiotracers to examine the
What is Upper endoscopy or Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD)?
Definition: Upper endoscopy is a diagnostic procedure in which an endoscope is used to view
What is Throat culture?
Definition: The diagnostic test used to detect the presence of fungal or bacterial infections in
What is Urinary catheterization?
Definition: Insertion of a catheter ( latex or silicone tube) into the bladder through the
What is Vasectomy?
Definition: A minor surgery done to block the passage of sperm into the semen on
What is Ventilation-perfusion scan or VQ scan?
Definition: The nuclear medicine scan that is done to examine the airflow and blood flow
What is Video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS)?
Definition: This is a surgical technique in which small incisions are made to allow the
What is Wire localization biopsy of the breast?
Definition: This type of biopsy is done for an abnormality in the breast that cannot
What is X-rays?
Definition: X-ray is an imaging technique that uses radiation called electromagnetic waves to capture images
What is Vaginitis:?
Definition: Inflammation of the vagina due to infection, allergy, or hormonal imbalance is called vaginitis.
What is Pneumonectomy?
Pneumonectomy is a process in which whole lung are remove. Lungs are two large organ
What is Holter Monitor and Event Monitor?
Holter monitor: – Holter monitor is a device which is use to track cardiac rhythm.
What is Blood testing?
Blood testing is a part of standard healthcare. It helps to diagnose the specific conditions.
What is Fluorescein Angiography (Test for Diabetic Retinopathy)?
Fluorescein angiography is used to detect the human eye. In fluorescein angiography method sodium fluorescein
What is Fetal ultrasound?
Fetal ultrasound technique is a technique used to take images of fetus in uterus by
What is Fecal Occult Blood Test?
In the fecal occult test stool sample is taken for lab test to identify hidden
What is Excisional biopsy of the breast?
In excisional biopsy procedure all or part of abnormal tissues present in the breast are
What is Hysterosalpingogram?
Hysterosalpingogram is test conducted to examine the uterus and fallopian tube. Uses: – Hysterosalpingogram is
What is Bone marrow biopsy?
Bone marrow is soft tissue present inside the bone which helps to produce RBC, WBC,
What is Bone density test?
Bone density test is useful to detect osteoporosis. Bone density test is carried out by
What is Transrectal ultrasound?
Transrectal ultrasound is carried out for the evaluation of prostate gland. Transrectal ultrasound is useful
What is Biopsy of the prostate?
Prostate part is situated below the bladder and in front of rectum. Prostate is walnut
What is Biopsy?
Biopsy is a process in which sample of body tissue is taken from the body
What is Barium Swallow?
Barium swallow test is conducted to take close look of mouth and throat and esophagus.
What is Barium Enema?
Barium Enema Exam is conducted to study abnormalities in intestine. Barium enema procedure is also
What Back X-ray( Spine X-ray)?
Detailed examination of back bones and spine are conducted by using back X-ray. In the
What is Genetic screening?
Genetic screening is application of test on the people for detection of genetic disease. For
What is Implantable defibrillators?
Implantable defibrillators are small battery device which helps in the regulation of heart rhythm. Implantable
What is Artificial pacemakers?
A pacemaker is battery operated devised used to correct irregular breathing of heart. A pacemaker
What is Catheterized Angiography?
Angiography is carried out in the radiology department. Catheter angiography conducted by using Catheter. Use
What is 12- Lead ECG?
12 lead ECG records heart activity. On the body surface, heart activity is trace by
What is Chest X-ray?
X-ray is a medical test conducted by using a radiograph. Chest X-ray performed to study
What is Foot X-ray?
Foot x-ray is performed to identify injuries to the foot bone. Foot x-ray is useful
What are the symptoms of Donovanosis? Treatment.
Donovanosis is a sexually transmitted disease caused by bacterium Klebsiella granulomatis. This disease is spread
What is SOPD in medical terms?
Medical terminology gives different terms for the SOPD. When you are in the health department
What causes tenesmus? What is it? Symptoms and treatment.
Tenesmus is a rectal pain with cramping. It shows constipation symptoms after doing the bowel
What causes Plexopathy? What is it? Symptoms and treatment.
Plexopathy is a complication of radiation therapy. It mostly occurs in brachial plexus. by treating
What are the symptoms of Fasciola hepatica? What causes it? Symptoms?
Fasciola hepatica is caused by parasitic flatworms Fasciola hepatica and Fasciola gigantica. They are leaf
What is Monoclonal Paraproteinemia, and what are the symptoms andTreatment?
Paraprotein is a monoclonal Immunoglobin present in blood and urine. Cloning of Plasma cells is
What are the sign and symptoms of laryngeal and hypopharyngeal cancer and What causes it?
The larynx is a tube shape organ located at the top of the trachea. Breathing,
What are the symptoms of Entamoeba histolytica? What is it? Treatment?
Entamoeba histolytica is a protozoan cause’s parasitic infection known as ambiasis. The peoples who live
What is an Ocular disease? Reasons ? Treatment?
Ocular disease is a disease that affects eye vision and health. Ocular diseases are common
What is hydroxylchloroquine, and is it effective in the treatment of Covid 19?
Hydroxychloroquine is a 4-aminoquinoline having molecular formula C18H26CIN3O. Its molecular weight is 335.9g/mol. Oxichloroquine, Oxycholorochin
What is Anti-malaria?
Anti-malaria is a drug used to treat and prevent malaria. Malaria is a serious tropical
What are the sign and symptoms of Hantavirus?
Hantavirus is a viral infection caused by rodents. In Americas Hantavirus known as new worlds
How can Marfan syndrome be prevented?
Marfan syndrome is a genetic disorder that affects the connective tissues which support and anchor
What is the significance of liver echotexture?
Coarsened echotexture is an ultrasound image that is taken to identify the liver abnormality or
What causes dacryocystitis?
Dacryocystitis is an inflammation of the nasolacrimal sac. Dacryocystitis infection may be acute or chronic
What are chances for Posterior myometrial aspect fundus fibroid of 3.5 cm for pregnancy?
Fibroids are smooth musclestumours. Uterine fibroids are very common in women of reproductive age and
What is Arthroscopy Surgery?
An arthroscopic surgery is performed examine and sometimes treat damage caused to a joint using
What causes a lazy colon?
A lazy colon, also commonly known as lazy bowel syndrome, is a condition where a
What is chloroquine, and can it cure the coronavirus?
No drugs are officially approved as a treatment option for Corona virus Disease-2019 (COVID-19). Chloroquine,
What is pluripotent stem cell therapy?
Pluripotent stem cells are adult stem cells with characteristics those of embryonic stem cells. These
What are the symptoms of encephalitis or acute encephalitis syndrome?
Acute Encephalitis Syndrome (AES) is characterised by an acute onset of fever combined with a
How does convalescent plasma therapy work?
Convalescent plasma therapy involves taking the blood plasma from a previously infected person, who has
What is the meaning of flexion in medical terms?
Flexion can be medically defined as “ A bending movement around a joint in a
What are the common symptoms of PTSD, and how do you prevent them?
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is usually diagnosed when a person experiences the symptoms for at
What is Syrinx disease?
Syrinx disease, also known as syringomyelia, is the formation of a fluid-filled cyst in the
What are the signs and symptoms of meconium aspiration syndrome?
Meconium Aspiration Syndrome (MAS) affects new-born babies. Babies sometimes pass meconium (or stool) in the
What is the medical definition of “sanies”?
Sanies is a thin mixture of blood and pus that generally oozes out of a
What causes pneumocystis carinii pneumonia?
Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia is an infection cause by Pneumocystis jirovecii spread in the lungs that
What are the symptoms infantile spasms?
Infantile spasms are child epilepsy. This disorder may shows problem in child development, learning and
Is there a cure for a multiple sclerosis (MS)?
Multiple sclerosis is a disease which affects to the brain and spinal cord and may
What is circumoral cyanosis, and what are its causes?
Circumoral cyanosis is a condition in which blue tint appear in the skin due to
Can ribavirin be used to treat corona virus?
Corona virus is an infectious disease caused by corona virus. The Worlds Heath Organization declare
What is difference between acute myeloid leukemia with maturation and chronic myeloid leukemia?
Acute myeloid leukemia with maturation: – Acute myeloid leukemia is rare blood cancer. It is
What does RRR mean in medical term?
RRR means relative risk reduction, also Regular rate and rhythm is also called RRR in
How dangerous is the Hantavirus in comparison with COVID-19?
Hantavirus is a family of viruses spread through rodent. It is spread when people gets
What is Kostmann syndrome?
Kostmann syndrome is rare disease cause by decrease in the count of mature neutrophils cells
What are fanconi syndrome symptoms?
Fanconi syndrome is occurs when excessive amount of glucose, bicarbonate, phosphate, uric acid, potassium and
What symptoms does toxic shock syndrome cause?
Toxic shock syndrome is life threatening complication cause due to bacterial toxins which spread by
What is the best treatment for the Tourette syndrome?
Tourette syndrome shows the uncontrollable repetitive movement or unwanted sound, like blinking of eyes, shrugging
What are the long term effects of histoplasmosis?
Histoplasmosis is infectious disease cause by Histoplasma fungus. Histoplasma fungus is present in the soil
What part of brain causes spasticity?
Spasticity is condition which cause muscle stiffness, muscle tightness which restrict the normal flow of
What autoimmune cause’s paresthesia?
Paresthesia is autoimmune disorder in which itching, crowning or numbness in the skin occurs. Every
What are the neurological symptoms of Lyme disease?
Lyme disease is vector born disease caused by Borrelia burgdorferi, and transmitted in human through
What causes Omphalocele?
Omphalocele is congenital defect causes dislocation of abdominal organs and intestine due to hole in
What is the difference between waterborne and water induced disease?
The difference between waterborne and water induced disease are as follow Waterborne disease Water induced
What is Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)?
Magnetic Resonance imaging is forward imaging technology which helps to obtained three dimension detailed images
What is Mammography?
Mammography is a breast detection exam in which low dose x-rays are used. Mammography is
What cause black spot under my toenails?
The toenail is made up of keratin protein. Keratin protein makes them rough and resistant
What is Mediastinoscopy?
Mediastinoscopy is process in which biopsy procedure in which lighted instrument is inserted in the
What are the symptoms of Devic &39’s disease?
Devic disease is an inflammatory condition that affects to the spinal cord and optic nerve.
What is Myelography (Myelogram)?
Myelography is a procedure in which contrast material is inserted in the spinal cord, nerve
What disease is caused by Enterobius Vermicularis?
Enterobius Vermicularis is the most common infection in the world. It is also known as
What is Oxygen Saturation Test?
Oxygen is saturated with the hemoglobin. Hemoglobin is blood element which helps to carry oxygen
What is the easiest way to get rid of skin bruises?
A bruise is a common skin disorder in which discoloration of the skin occurs because
What is Transvaginal ultrasound pap test (Papanicolaou Smear)?
Transvaginal ultrasound pap test is useful test for identification of cervical cancer. This test collects
How do I cure leucoderma?
Leucoderma is a skin disorder in which white patches appear on the skin and the
What is Percutaneous Transhepatic Cholangiography(PTCA)?
Percutaneous Transhepatic cholangiography is a method used for the diagnosis of bile duct cancer. In
How is Nocardia transmitted?
Nocardiosis is a disease caused by an opportunistic pathogen which is Nocardia bacteria. Nocardia bacteria
What is Pleural Fluid Sampling ( or thoracentesis)?
Pleural fluid sampling is carried out when excessive fluid is saturated in pleural space. Saturation
What causes bilharziasis?
Human bilharziasis is caused by S.haematobium, S.mansoni, S japonicum and S. mekongi. Cause: – infection
What are the five signs of emotional suffering?
Nowadays lots of people suffering from mental health. For the identification of the meanly ill
What is Lumbar puncture (or Spinal Tap)?
Lumbar puncture is a process in which cerebrospinal fluid is withdrawn by the help of
What are the three different types of telemedicine?
Telemedicine is a field of telecommunication which deals with health care. Telemedicine is helpful to
What is Liver Biopsy?
Liver biopsy is process in which tissue sample is collected by using small insertion of
What is Implantable cardioverter Defibrillator (ICD)?
Implantable cardioverter defibrillator is small battery device used to for detection of heart beat. Implantable
Is throat cancer visible?
The throat is a hollow tube behind the nose and roof of the mouth attached
What is Biofeedback?
Biofeedback is a therapy which is useful to get control in involuntary functions. Biofeedback gives
What is LASIK?
LASIK surgery is eye surgery used to treat myopia, hyperopia and astigmatism. The full form
What is Hysterectomy?
Hysterectomy is a surgical procedure used to remove the uterus. There are different types of
Is Nocardia fatal?
Nocardia is also known as nocardiosis. Nocardia is a bacterial infection caused by Nocardia bacteria.
What is Immunotherapy?
Immunotherapy is biologic therapy used for cancer treatment. It is useful therapy for improvement of
Is Bartonella curable?
Bartonella is a gram-negative intracellular facultative bacterium. It’s also known as Cat scratch disease. Cause:
What is Caesarean Section?
A Caesarean (C-Section) delivery is a surgical procedure where in cuts are made to the
What is Cardiac Catheterization?
This procedure is used to diagnose any cardiac conditions the individual might be facing. A
What is Hysteroscopy?
Hysteroscopy is a procedure conducted for the diagnosis of uterus with the help of hysteroscope.
What are the symptoms of strained tendon?
Strained is a stretch or tear on the tendons.it occurs when a single movement occurs
What are the symptoms of biliary atresia?
Biliary atresia is a liver and bile duct disease that occurs in infants. Symptoms of
What is Carotid Ultrasound (Carotid Doppler)?
A Carotid Ultrasound or a Carotid Doppler is an imaging technique used by the doctors
What is Chemotherapy?
Chemotherapy is a powerful treatment option advised to cancer patients by their doctors. The chemotherapeutic
Canaliculitis: What is it?
Canaliculitis is an infection caused by Actinomyces israelii, which is gram-positive bacillus with small branching filaments.
What is Colonoscopy?
A colonoscopy is performed on an individual to diagnose any medical conditions or abnormalities in
What is Colposcopy?
Colposcopy is a procedure performed on women wherein the doctor inspects the vagina, cervix, and
What is CT Scan?
A computed-tomography or a CT scan is the superimposition of multiple X-ray images taken from
Cervical Biopsy: procedure risk associated with
Here’s what Cervical Biopsy actually means? A cervical biopsy is a process that involves
What is Positron Emission Tomography (PET Scan)?
A PET Scan, or positron emission tomography scan, is used to image the functioning of
What is Prostate-Specific Antigen Blood Test (PSA Test)?
A prostate-specific Antigen blood Test is performed to test for prostate cancer in men. Prostate-Specific
What is Pulmonary Function Testing?
Pulmonary Function Tests (PFT) are performed on individuals to test their lung capacity and they
What is Radionuclide Scanning?
Radionuclide Scanning method is applied to image bones, organs, and different parts of the body
What is Rapid Strep Test?
A rapid strep test (RST) is an antigen detecting test used to determine the presence
What is Scratch Test for Allergies?
A scratch test or an allergy skin test is done to test for any allergies
What is Sigmoidoscopy?
The last third of your descending colon is called the sigmoid colon and is connected
What is Sputum Evaluation (and Sputum Induction)?
Sputum Evaluation, or Sputum Induction, is done on individual who cannot spontaneously produce sputum. This
What is Stereotactic Biopsy of the Breast?
Stereotactic Biopsy uses mammography to help locate any abnormal growth in the breast tissue and
What is TB (Tuberculosis) Skin Test?
Tuberculosis skin testing, also known as Mantoux Tuberculin Skin Testing (TST), is used to determine
What is Abdominal Ultrasound?
Ultrasound imaging is carried out using sound wave to produced picture of the structure within
What is Bronchoscopy?
Bronchoscopy test is useful in the diagnosis of lung disease. Bronchoscope is use to conduct
What is Abortion ( termination of pregnancy)?
Abortion is a termination of pregnancy by taking medicine or by surgical procedure. Abortion is
What is Acupuncture?
Acupuncture is ancient technique used to treat various conditions by triggering specific points on skin
What is Amniocentesis?
Amniocentesis is a process of removal of amniotic fluids from uterus for testing. Amniotic fluids
What is Anoscopy?
Anoscopy is a procedure performs by the help of anoscope for the identification of abnormalities
What is Bone marrow transplant?
Bone marrow transplant is surgical procedure which performed for replacement of bone marrow. Bone marrow
What is Bone scan?
Bone scan is conducted for the diagnosis of bone problems by the help of radioactive
What is Breast ultrasound?
Breast ultrasound is use to study the internal structure of breast. Breast ultrasound is useful