Anxiety Disorders- Foundation of Fear and Worry
Anxiety Disorders is a group of mental disorder mainly constituting of fear and anxiety, where is anxiety is a worry about the future and fear is mainly a reaction to the current situation. There are several types of anxiety disorder and often people have more than one anxiety disorder. The disorder is mainly differentiated based on the symptoms experienced.
Classification:
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Generalized anxiety disorder:
It is the most common type of anxiety disorder characterized by long-lasting anxiety that does not focus on any one object or situation. The people having generalized anxiety disorder experience persistent fear and worry. They become highly concerned about everyday matters. It most commonly affects older adults.
The diagnosis for Generalized Anxiety Disorder is conclusive when a person has been excessively worried about everyday problems for at least six months. The symptoms are
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- Restlessness
- Fatigue
- Concentration problem or lack of concentration.
- Irritability
- Muscle tension
- Sleep disturbances
- Strained appearance
- Tearful
- Sweaty hands and feet
- Children can experience headaches, restlessness, stomach colic, sometimes heart palpitations.
2. Specific phobias:
This type of anxiety is triggered by a specific stimulus or situation. The sufferer of this type of anxiety anticipates terrifying outcomes from encountering the objects that they fear off. The most common phobias are fear of flying, water, blood, closed space.
Symptoms of this type of phobias are:
- Trembling
- Shortness of breath
- Rapid heart rate
3. Panic disorder:
The attacks of this anxiety disorder aggravated by stress, irrational thoughts, fear or even exercise. These attacks can start abruptly reaching its peak within a few minutes and can last up to hours.
The symptoms of panic disorder are:
- Trembling
- Dizziness
- Nausea and vomiting
- Shaking
- Confusion
- Difficulty in breathing
- Heightened awareness
- Agoraphobia: Anxiety caused by a certain situation or place. This type of anxiety is often linked to panic disorder. Agoraphobia is often used to refer to behavior that causes avoidance of a certain situation or place that usually has serious consequences and often reinforces the cause of fear.
4. Social Anxiety Disorders:
The people who suffer from this type of nervous disorder fear negative publicity, public embarrassment, humiliation, and even social interaction. Social anxiety is very common in adolescent girls. Social anxiety can sometimes lead to social isolation.
The symptoms are:
- Blushing
- Sweating
- Difficulty in speaking in public
- Post-traumatic stress disorder: This type of anxiety disorder is a result of exposure to extreme situations like rape, natural disaster, child abuse, hostage situation, bullying or a serious accident.
The symptoms are:
- Anxiety
- Anger
- Hypervigilance
- Depression
- Flashbacks
- Separation anxiety disorder is mostly seen in infants and children being separated from a person or a place.
- Situational anxiety is seen in people when they are exposed to a new situation or change in events. Panic attacks are very common.
- Selective mutism
- Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
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