Types of Skin Grafts

A skin transplant or skin graft is a type of graft surgery that involves the transplant of skin and the tissues that are transplanted. This is usually done in cases of severe injury when body tissues are injured. Skin transplant is often used in the following conditions:

• In the cases of burn injuries.
• After severe trauma of the injury.
• Excessive skin loss due to infection like purpura-fulminant or necrotizing fasciitis.
• In certain surgeries, a skin graft is required, such as in cases of removal of various types of skin cancers.

Skin transplant has cosmetic importance by enhancing the look of the patient and helping to fasten the process of healing, thereby reducing the course of treatment.

approximately 2500-3000 years ago with the Hindu Tilemaker Caste, in which skin grafting was used to reconstruct noses that were amputated as a means of judicial punishment.

History of the Procedure

Know more about- Skin grafts

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Types

There are three main types:

1. Split thickness graft: It is the most common type. In this type of graft, the epidermis or the topmost layer of the skin is removed along with a little part of the dermis.
2. Full-thickness graft: This type of graft is usually recommended for face surgery. The epidermis, dermis and the hypodermic are transplanted.
3. Composite skin graft: This type of graft is used for three-dimensional reconstruction such as the nose. This type of transplant involves grafting of skin, muscles fats and cartilage.

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Risk and complications of skin transplant:

The potential risks are:

• Bleeding
• Hematoma
• Infections
• Scarring of the skin
• Irregularity of skin texture
• Death of skin graft
• Loss of sensation
• Hypersensitivity of skin

Pre-graft procedure:

The wound that needs a graft is first cleaned and is then measured to ensure the number of cells needed for transplant.

Anesthesia is administered, the anesthesia can be either local or general depending on the age, location of the injury, and nature of the injury.